Kriminalizacija marginalizovanih žena

Olivera Pavićević

doi:10.47152/ziksi2020234

Autori

Olivera Pavićević Institut za kriminološka i sociološka istraživanja, Beograd, Srbija

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47152/ziksi2020234

Ključne reči:

marginalizacija, kriminalizacija, žene, kriminal, neoliberalizam

Apstrakt

Kriminalizacija siromaštva žena se u radu analizira iz perspektive procesa feminizacije siromaštva i višestruke diskriminacije unutar i izvan normativne ženskosti. Marginalizacija siromašnih žena predstavlja utiranje puta ka njihovoj kriminalizaciji koja se u novoj neoliberalnoj penologiji ispoljava kao percepcija povećenog rizika od kriminala koji se pripisuje siromašnim, neobrazovanim, ne belim i socijalno isključenim ženama. Ukrštanje klasne, rodne i krivičnopravne nejednakosti otvara pitanja socijalne pravde i mogućnosti njenog dostizanja kada su u pitanju marginalizovane žene. Kritička analiza društvene prakse koja pogoduje kriminalizaciji marginalizovanih žena treba da pođe od dekonstrukcije neoliberalnih diskursa i socijalne dekontekstualizacije kojoj oni teže. U tom smislu, otvorene i skrivene prakse diskriminacije, deprofesionalizacije, dehumanizacije, stigmatizacije, isključivanja i konačno kriminalizacije marginalizovanih žena treba otkrivati u činjenicama sumorne stvarnosti u kojoj te žene žive, pre, za vreme i nakon ulaska u kriminal ili njegovog sankcionisanja.

Reference

Adelberg, E., & Currie, C. (Eds.). (1993). In conflict with the law: Women and the Canadian justice system. Press Gang Publishers.

Andersen, M., & Collins, P. H. (2004). Race, class, and gender. Wadsworth.

Babović, M., Cvejić, S., & Stefanović, S. (2017). Oprez, siromaštvo! – Praćenje siromaštva u okviru razvojne agende UN do 2030. godine. SeConS grupa za razvojnu inicijativu.

Babović, M., Ginić, K., & Vuković, O. (2010). Mapiranje porodičnog nasilja prema ženama u Centralnoj Srbiji. Ministarstvo rada i socijalne politike – Uprava za rodnu ravnopravnost.

Baca Zinn, M., & Thornton Dill, B. (1996). Theorizing difference from multiracial feminism. Feminist Studies, 22, 321–331. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3178416

Bloom, B., & Covington, S. (2008). Addressing the mental health needs of women offenders. In R. Gido & L. Dalley (Eds.), Women’s mental health issues across the criminal justice system. Prentice Hall.

Bridger, S., Kay, R., & Pinnick, K. (1996). No more heroines? Routledge.

Carlen, P. (1988). Women, crime and poverty. Open University Press.

Casper, L. M., McLanahan, S. S., & Garfinkel, I. (1994). The gender poverty gap: What we can learn from other countries. American Sociological Review, 59, 594–605. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2095933

Ćeriman, J., & Pavić Zentner, V. (2016). Metodološki okvir istraživanja. In S. Milutinović Bojanić, J. Ćeriman, & V. Pavić Zentner (Eds.), Siromaštvo, ruralnost, rod: Istraživanje funkcionisanja socijalne zaštite u ruralnim oblastima Srbije (pp. 47–65).

Collins, P. H. (2000). Black feminist thought: Knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment. Routledge.

Comack, E. (2006). Making connections: Class/race/gender intersections – Introduction. In G. Balfour & E. Comack (Eds.), Criminalizing women: Gender and (in)justice in neoliberal times (pp. 58–78). Fernwood Publishing.

Comack, E., & Brickey, S. (2007). Constituting the violence of criminalized women. Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 49(1), 1–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3138/5523-4873-1386-5453

Ćopić, S., & Šaćiri, D. (2012). Žene u zatvoru u Srbiji: Uslovi za život osuđenica u Kazneno-popravnom zavodu za žene u Požarevcu. Temida, 15(4), 23–44.

Dean, M. (1996). Foucault, government and the enfolding of authority. In A. Barry, T. Osborne, & N. Rose (Eds.), Foucault and political reason: Liberalism, neo-liberalism and rationalities of government (pp. 209–230). University of Chicago Press.

Faith, K. (1993). Unruly women: The politics of confinement and resistance. Press Gang Publishers.

Gaddis, I., & Klasen, S. (2014). Economic development, structural change, and women’s labor force participation: A reexamination of the feminization. Journal of Population Economics, 27(3), 639–681. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-013-0488-2

Garland, D. (1996). The limits of the sovereign state: Strategies of crime control in contemporary society. British Journal of Criminology, 36(4), 445–471. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a014105

Gustafson, K. (2009). Criminal law: The criminalization of poverty. Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology, 99(3), 643–716.

Hagan, J. (1990). The structuration of gender and deviance: A power-control theory of vulnerability to crime and the search for deviant role exits. Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology, 27(2), 137–156. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-618X.1990.tb00448.x

Hall, P., & Lamont, M. (2013). Social resilience in the neoliberal era. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139542425

Hannah-Moffat, K. (2001). Punishment in disguise: Penal governance and federal imprisonment of women in Canada. University of Toronto Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3138/9781442678903

Harman, L. (1992). The feminization of poverty: An old problem with a new name. Canadian Woman Studies.

Harrison, M., & Davis, C. (2001). Difference within difference. In Housing, social policy and difference: Disability, ethnicity, gender and housing (Chap. 2). Policy Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46692/9781847425270

Ilijić, Lj. (2012). Osuđeni i deprivacije: Uticaj karakteristika ličnosti na intenzitet doživljavanja zatvorskih deprivacija. Institut za kriminološka i sociološka istraživanja.

Ilijić, Lj., & Pavićević, O. (2019). Žene u zatvoru u Srbiji: O antagonizmu između proklamovanog položaja i stvarnog stanja. In Pravo u funkciji razvoja društva (Vol. II, pp. 137–157). Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Prištini.

The Sentencing Project. (2018). Incarcerated women and girls.

Poverenik za zaštitu ravnopravnosti & UN Women. (2019). Istraživanje o položaju starijih žena u Srbiji.

James, R. (2013). Look, I overcame!: Feminine subjectivity, resilience & multi-racial white supremacist patriarchy.

Kolin, M. (Ed.). (2009). Rodne nejednakosti na tržištu rada u Srbiji i podsticaji evropskih integracija. Evropski pokret u Srbiji.

Kron, L., & Pavićević, O. (2013). Smrt Lolite, rađanje Lilit: Ogled o adolescentskoj ženskoj seksualnosti. Institut za kriminološka i sociološka istraživanja.

MacKenzie, C. A. (2019). Feminization of poverty: Causes and implications. In W. Leal Filho, A. Azul, L. Brandli, P. Özuyar, & T. Wall (Eds.), Gender equality: Encyclopedia of the UN sustainable development goals. Springer.

Manjoo, R. (2013). State responsibility to act with due diligence in the elimination of violence against women. International Human Rights Law Review, 2(2), 240–265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00202006

McLanahan, S. S., Sorensen, A., & Watson, D. (1989). Sex differences in poverty, 1950–1980. Signs, 15, 102–122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/494566

Minaker, J. (2014). Sluts and slags: The censuring of the erring female. In G. Balfour & E. Comack (Eds.), Criminalizing women: Gender and (in)justice in neo-liberal times (2nd ed., pp. 73–91). Fernwood Publishing.

Mršević, Z. (2011). Ka demokratskom društvu: Rodna ravnopravnost. Institut društvenih nauka.

Nelud, A. (2015). Engendering alternative justice: Criminalized women, alternative justice, and neoliberalism (Master’s thesis, University of Manitoba).

Nikolić-Ristanović, V. (1995). (Bez)smisao kazne zatvora ili ka feminističkoj analizi kazne. Ženske studije, 2(3), 245–258.

Nuytiens, A., & Christianes, J. (2012). Put žena izvršiteljki krivičnih dela do zatvora u Belgiji. Temida, 15(4), 7–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/TEM1204007N

Pavićević, O., & Bulatović, A. (2018). Feminist criticism of the concept of resilience: Transformation of the subversive into the normative. Sociologija, 60(1), 127–142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/SOC1801127P

Pearce, D. (1978). The feminization of poverty: Women, work, and welfare. Urban and Social Change Review, 11(1), 28–36.

Perišić, N., & Vidojević, J. (2018). Feministička dekonstrukcija i rekonstrukcija države blagostanja. In A. Zaharijević & K. Lončarević (Eds.), Feministička teorija je za sve: Zbornik radova sa konferencije “Neko je rekao feminizam? Feministička teorija u Srbiji danas” (pp. 203–221).

Petrović, V., & Jovanić, G. (2019). Legalni i faktički aspekti zatvorske kazne prema ženama. In Pravo u funkciji razvoja društva (Vol. II, pp. 69–91). Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Prištini.

Rose, N., & Miller, P. (1992). Political power beyond the state: Problematics of government. British Journal of Sociology, 43(2), 173–205. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/591464

Rose, N. (1996). Governing “advanced” liberal democracies. In A. Barry, T. Osborne, & N. Rose (Eds.), Foucault and political reason: Liberalism, neo-liberalism and rationalities of government (pp. 37–64). University of Chicago Press.

Sangster, J. (2001). Regulating girls and women: Sexuality, the family and the law. Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3138/9781442623507

Scraton, P. (2007). Power, conflict and criminalization. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203935538

Sen, A. (2006). Identity and violence: The illusion of destiny. Norton & Company.

Shubert, C. (2003). Female crime and poverty: Stolen opportunities (MAIS 701 project, Athabasca University).

Simon, R., & Landis, J. (1991). The crimes women commit, the punishments they receive. Lexington Books.

Swavola, E., Riley, K., & Subramanian, R. (2014). Overlooked: Women in jail in an era of reform. Vera Institute of Justice.

Talpade-Mohanty, C. (2003). Feminism without borders: Decolonizing theory, practicing solidarity. Duke University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9780822384649

United Nations. (2015). The world’s women 2015: Trends and statistics. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs.

Van Wormer, K., & Bartollas, C. (2000). Women and the criminal justice system. Allyn & Bacon.

Walker, C. (2012). Re-inventing themselves? Gender, employment and subjective well-being amongst working-class young Russians. In S. Salmenniemi (Ed.), Rethinking class in Russia. Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies.

Walker, J., Apsan Frediani, A., & Trani, J. F. (2012). Gender, difference and urban change: Implications for the promotion of well-being. Environment and Urbanization, 25(1), 111–124. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0956247812468996

Walmsley, R. (2017). World female imprisonment list: Women and girls in penal institutions, including pre-trial detainees/remand prisoners. International Centre for Prison Studies, King’s College London.

World Bank. (2018). Gender difference in poverty and household composition through the life cycle: A global perspective (Policy Research Working Paper No. 8360).

Worrall, A. (1998). Real punishment for real criminals? Community sentences and the gendering of punishment. In The British Criminology Conferences: Selected proceedings (Vol. 1). British Society of Criminology.

Republički zavod za statistiku. (2014). Žene i muškarci u Republici Srbiji.